
The Order of St Januarius
Badge with ribbon and star
Kingdom of Naples (Kingdom of the Two Sicilies)
Late 18th - early 19th century
Silver, gold and enamel
Order founded in 1738
The badge with a ruby-red ribbon and star belong to the Order of St Januarius that was instituted by Charles III, King of Naples and Sicily, on 6 July 1738to mark his marriage to Princess Amalia of Saxony and abolished in 1861, following the union of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies with Sardinia in the Kingdom of Italy. The badge takes the form of an eight-pointed Maltese cross with lilies in the corners and a figure of St Januarius in the centre. The saint is depicted in his bishops robes. His right hand is raised in a gesture of blessing, while in the left he holds a Bible and two vessels containing blood. According to legend, the relics of St Januarius exuded blood that was given to the faithful a drop at a time and sent in vessels to all ends of the Italian peninsula. Beneath the figure of the saint, on a silver "diamond-cut" star, there is an inscription on a white ribbon: IN SANGUINE FOEDUS - "Union in Blood".

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